Luxemburg, Rosa (1871-1919) 
 German economist and communist leader, born into a Jewish family in Russian Poland 
 She studied political economy and history at the university of Zurich and was a member of the polish socialist underground in Switzerland. In 1898 Luxemburg emigrated to Germany and wrote in few papers. With Karl Liebknecht and Franz Mehring she founded the "Spartakus League", a revolutionary organisation which in 1918 led the revolution in Berlin and became the DKP - German Communist Party. She edited with Liebknecht the "Die Rote Fahne" a Communist daily. They were arrested together in January 15, 1919, and while they were being taken to prison they were murdered by army officers.